CAMP DOS CABEZAS EDUCATION TOPICS Education topics covered during Camp Dos Cabezas will include the following and more. Topics are broken down by parks and museums. Chiricahua National Monument Massai Point and Sugarloaf Mountain Chiricahua Visitor Center Museum Bonita Canyon Campground Faraway Ranch Fort Bowie National Historic Site The Amerind Foundation Bisbee Mining and Historical Museum Tombstone Courthouse State Historic Park The Tombstone Epitaph Newspaper Fort Huachuca Historical Museum Coronado National Memorial San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area Pimeria Alta Historical Society Tubac Presidio State Historic Park Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail Tumacacori National Historical Park Mission San Xavier del Bac View a timeline of Southeast Arizona History and Camp Dos Cabezas Map. Chiricahua National Monument The eighteen-square-mile Chiricahua National Monument was established in 1924. It contains fantastic rock formations created by volcanic eruption 25 million years ago, which continue to be shaped by erosion. The Apache called it the "Land of Standing Up Rocks." White settlers called it the "Wonderland of Rocks." Massai Point and Sugarloaf Mountain Massai Point offers spectacular views of surrounding mountains and valleys, including Dos Cabezas, Cochise Head, Sugarloaf Mountain, and the Cochise Stronghold. It serves as a trailhead for adventures through the Heart of Rocks and Echo Canyon. Sugarloaf Mountain, the highest point in the monument, serves as a fire lookout during late summer months. SUBJECTS AND LESSONS The Land of Standing Up Rocks - The Geology of the Chiricahua Mountains Identifying Landmarks (Dos Cabezas, Cochise Head, Sugarloaf Mountain) Grand Scale - Features of Cochise Head Lifeways of the Apache and Pima Indians Geography and Geology A Land Formed by Volcanic Eruption Nature's Sculptures - Wind and Rain Erosion Identifying Geological Formations Islands in the Sky - Grassland Seas and Sky Islands The Sonoran Desert and Chihuahuan Desert Where the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Madre Meet Mountain and Desert Wildlife Travel Before Cars and Planes Civilian Conservation Corps The Park System and America's Public Resources The Job of the Ranger in the Fire Lookout Preventing Man-made Forest Fires Visibility - Pollution and Light Pollution Hiking Safety Chiricahua Visitor Center Museum SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Ask the Experts - Doing Research Plant and Animal Species Birds and Wildlife Elevation Changes Affect Plants and Wildlife Layers from Volcanic Eruption and Exposed Rock Tree Ring Dating and Weather Evidence Who Were Cochise and Geronimo? The Chiricahua Apache Homeland Pioneer Settlers Civilian Conservation Corps Migrating Birds Bonita Canyon Campground SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Preparing for Research and Exploration Nutrition and Hydration Nightly Group Discussion About Daytime Activities How to Use a Maps and Compass Journal Writing Sharing Resources and Being Courteous to Neighbors Faraway Ranch Swedish immigrants Emma and Neil Erickson settled in Bonita Canyon in 1888 (following Geronimo's surrender in 1886). Their daughter Lilian and her husband Ed Riggs operated Faraway Ranch as a guesthouse for tourists visiting the "Wonderland of Rocks," while seeking national park status. The historic site within the Chiricahua National Monument was operated through the late 1970s. SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Immigrants from Distant Lands Encounters Between Settlers and Native Americans Pioneer Lifeways The U.S. Department of the Interior The National Park System and Service Meadows, Creeks and Wildlife   CONTACT Mail: 13063 E. Bonita Canyon Rd. Willcox, AZ 85643-9737 (Located 36 miles southeast of Willcox on Highway 186) 520-824-3560 ext. 302 Fax: 520-824-3421 www.nps.gov/chir Entrance fee: $5.00 per person Open year round Fort Bowie National Historic Site Fort Bowie was established at Apache Pass, the site of major conflict between the U.S. Army and Apache Indians. The site was important to Apaches because of its proximity to Apache Springs. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS The Clash of Cultures (In Apache Land) Water Resources in the Desert Southwest American Indian Reservation System Civil War Activity in the West The Gadsden Purchase The Butterfield Overland Mail (Passenger and Mail Delivery) The Coming of the Railroad "Manifest Destiny"   CONTACT Mail: 3203 South Old Fort Bowie Rd Bowie, AZ 85605 (Located southeast of Willcox off of Highway 186) 520-847-2500 www.nps.gov/fobo Free Open daily, 8:00am - 4:30pm (except Christmas) The Amerind Foundation The Amerind Foundation, a museum of American Indian art and archaeological research facility, was chartered in 1937 by William Shirley Fulton, who worked on archaeological excavations in the area. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Archaeological Research Preserving History for Education Mesoamerican Cultures Modern Native American Cultures Native American Art Encounters Between Spanish and Native Americans The Willcox Playa - A Dry Lake MORE ATTRACTIONS Texas Canyon Dragoon Mountains Dragon, Arizona   CONTACT 2100 N. Amerind Rd Dragoon, AZ 85609 Mail: PO Box 400 Dragoon, AZ 85609 520-586-3666 www.amerind.org Adults: $5; Seniors: $4; Youth 12 - 18: free October - May: open daily, 10am - 4pm June - September: Wed. - Sun., 10am - 4pm Closed on major holidays Bisbee Mining and Historical Museum The Bisbee Mining and Historical Museum is an Affiliate Program Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Urban Outpost on the Frontier Mining History (Tunnels, Open Pit Copper Mines) Environmental Impact of Mining Fire in Old Bisbee   CONTACT No. 5 Copper Queen Plaza Bisbee, AZ 85603 520-432-7071 www.bisbeemuseum.org Group rates: Adults: $3.00; Children: $1.00 Open daily, 10:00am - 4:00pm Muheim Heritage House (Optional Tour for Volunteers) The National Historic Site was built between 1898 and 1915 by Joseph M. Muheim, who emigrated from Switzerland in 1887. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Immigrant Communities on the Frontier   CONTACT 207 Youngblood Hill Inquire at: Bisbee Mining and Historical Museum No. 5 Copper Queen Plaza Bisbee, AZ 85603 520-432-7071 www.bisbeemuseum.org Fee required Open daily, 10:00am - 4:00pm Tombstone Courthouse State Historic Park On the National Register of Historic Places, the first Cochise County Courthouse was built in 1882 for $50,000. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Born in a Mining Boom Pioneer History and the Frontier Not Only Outlaws and Lawmen Tombstone's Chinese Community Documenting History - We Can See It in Pictures Frontier Journalism Use of Technology in the Mines A Labor Strike in the Mines Diversity in the Mines The Mormon Battalion Spanish and Mexican Ranching American and British Ranching Environmental Disaster - Drought and Overgrazing A Town's Fortunes Based on Silver Prices   CONTACT 219 Toughnut St Tombstone, AZ 85638 Mail: PO Box 216 Tombstone, AZ 85638 520-457-3311 State Park Website Under 14: free; 14 and up: $4 ($3 Memorial Day - Labor Day) Open daily, 8:00am - 5:00pm (except Christmas day) The Tombstone Epitaph Newspaper The Tombstone Epitaph was first published by John Clum in 1880. It chronicled the events of the Arizona frontier and now still serves today as a journal of Western history. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Frontier History Frontier Journalism C.S. Fly - Photographing History Photography and Printing History An Earthquake in Arizona Using Technology to Inform the World   CONTACT 9 South 5th Street Tombstone, AZ 85638 Mail: PO Box 1880 Tombstone, AZ 85638 520-457-3456 Free Open daily, 9:30am - 5:00pm Fort Huachuca Historical Museum The Fort Huachuca Historical Museum reveals the story of frontier military life at the post established in 1877, including the Black troops called Buffalo Soldiers, who were employed in the Indian campaigns. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Forts on the Western Frontier The Buffalo Soldiers The Indian Campaigns Military Life on the Frontier   CONTACT Building 41401 Fort Huachuca, AZ 85613 (Located near Sierra Vista on Highway 90) 520-533-5736 Museum Website Free Open Mon - Fri, 9:00am - 4:00pm Sat and Sun, 1:00pm - 4:00pm Coronado National Memorial The Coronado National Memorial offers a museum and views overlooking the Rio San Pedro, where Francisco Vasquez de Coronado first entered the modern boundary of the United States in 1540. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Spanish Exploration in the "New World" The Route of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Rio San Pedro - A Natural Route Spanish Armor Indian Allies and Enemies The U.S.-Mexico Border San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area   CONTACT 4101 E. Montezuma Canyon Rd Hereford, AZ 85615 520-366-5515 Fax: 520-366-5705 www.nps.gov/coro Free Open year round, 9:00am - 5:00pm San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area The San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area, managed by the Bureau of Land Management, contains a wealth of historic sites from Spanish colonial times through Arizona statehood. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS What's a Riparian Area? Finding a Path for the Railroad Presidio Santa Cruz de Terrenate   CONTACT BLM Website Friends of San Pedro Pimeria Alta Historical Society (Option) In the former Nogales City Hall, the Pimeria Alta Historical Society operates a museum featuring the history of Spanish contact in the upper lands of the Pima Indians. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Missions in the Pimeria Alta The Gadsden Purchase A Railroad Between Nations The International Border The Mexican Revolution   CONTACT 223 Grand Avenue Nogales, AZ 520-287-5402 Tubac Presidio State Historic Park El Presidio de Tubac was established by Spanish colonists following the Pima Revolt against Jesuit missionaries in 1751. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Under the Earth (Archaeological Evidence) A Spanish Fort on the Anza Trail The '49ers (California pioneers) The Civil War in Arizona MORE ATTRACTIONS El Presidio de Tubac Archaeological Park Old Tubac Schoolhouse (c.1885) Otero Hall (c.1914) St Anne's Church Walking Tour of Tubac EVENTS Annual Anza Days Cultural Celebration (usually third weekend in October)   CONTACT Mail: PO Box 1296 Tubac, AZ 85646 (Located in Tubac, AZ) 520-398-2252 State Park Website Under 14: free; 14 and up: $3 ($2 Memorial Day - Labor Day) Open daily, 8:00am - 5:00pm (except Christmas day) Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail Juan Bautista de Anza established a route to San Francisco in 1776. The route originated from his command post at El Presidio de Tubac. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Spanish Explorers on the Anza Trail Irrigation in Historic and Modern Times An Archaeological Site in a Modern Town   CONTACT 1891 E. Frontage Rd Tumacacori, AZ 85640 520-398-2341 www.nps.gov/juba Open daily, 8:00am - 5:00pm (except Thanksgiving and Christmas day) Tumacacori National Historical Park The Jesuit mission San Cayetano de Tumacacori was established by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino at a Pima (O'odham) settlement on the Rio Santa Cruz in 1691. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS Touring the Museum Exhibit and Grounds Father Kino and the Jesuits The Land of the Pima - Pimeria Alta Spanish and Native American Relations The Pima Revolt On the Anza Trail Mission Expansion Across New Spain Mission Construction A Buffer Between the Spanish and Apache The Civil War in Arizona The Mexican Revolution (Nearby Nogales) In Pursuit of Pancho Villa EVENTS Fiesta Cultural Celebration (October) Traditional Mexican Days of the Dead (November 1 and 2) in the area   CONTACT 1891 E. Frontage Rd Tumacacori, AZ 85640 520-398-2341 www.nps.gov/tuma $3.00 per person Open daily, 8:00am - 5:00pm (except Thanksgiving and Christmas day) Mission San Xavier del Bac San Xavier del Bac was established by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino in 1700. The mission was destroyed in 1751 during the Pima Revolt. The present Spanish Baroque structure was built between 1783 and 1797. LEARN MORE SUBJECTS AND LESSONS The Tohono O'odham Reservation Native Americans - Sovereign Nations Historic Mission San Xavier del Bac Mission Restoration   CONTACT 1950 W. San Xavier Rd. Tucson, AZ 85746-7409 520-294-2624 www.sanxaviermission.org Free, donations appreciated Open daily, 8:00am - 5:00pm ADDITIONAL OPTIONS Camp Dos Cabezas Cultural Crossroads Youth Education Program Presented by Houston Institute for Culture Education Topics Education Sites Camp Locations History Timeline Contact: HOUSTON INSTITUTE FOR CULTURE at info@houstonculture.org.